UC and Colon Cancer

Discuss with your doctor the importance of screening and surveillance for early detection of colon cancer. Cancer occurs when the normal process of cell growth goes out of control, producing a mass of unhealthy cells. For people with ulcerative colitis, colon cancer in particular can be a concern. Many UC patients read or hear that, over time, their risk of developing colon cancer also known as colorectal cancer (CRC), is higher than that of the general population. Although more than 90% of patients with IBD never develop cancers, it's important to be aware of what can put you at an increased risk of getting CRC and what you may be able to do about it*.

Some important clarifications put things into perspective:

1. Not everyone with UC will develop colon cancer. The risk of getting colon cancer in patients who have had UC for more than 10 years increases at a rate of approximately 0.5% per year*.
2. The risk of developing colon cancer varies from person to person and depends on many factors, including the duration or length of time you've had UC. Studies show that the risk begins to rise above that of the general population after 8-10 years of having UC. Also, the amount of intestine involved (also known as the extent of the disease) is a risk factor. People whose UC affects the entire colon are at higher risk than those whose UC is limited to one section*.

General risk factors

According to the Canadian Cancer Society, there are risk factors for colorectal cancer that affect the general population, but their relationship to UC is not well established. It is important to discuss UC-related CRC risk factors with your doctor. The following are risk factors for CRC:

• Aging
• Family history of CRC
• Diet
• Obesity
• Lack of exercise
• Polyps — small growths on the inner wall of the colon and rectum

Early detection is critical

While not every person with UC will develop colon cancer, you should discuss with your doctor the importance of monitoring ulcerative colitis and screening for early detection of colon cancer.